Nokuba uceba ukwehla ehlathini elinodaka, okanye uzame kumdyarho wendlela, okanye uhamba nje kwindlela yokurhuqa umjelo wasekuhlaleni, ungafumana ibhayisekile ekufaneleyo.
Ubhubhane we-coronavirus wenze indlela abantu abaninzi kweli lizwe abathanda ukuhlala besempilweni ibe yinto engaqhelekanga. Ngenxa yoko, abantu abaninzi ngoku bazama ukwenza umthambo imihla ngemihla.
Izibalo zikarhulumente ukusukela ehlotyeni lowama-2020 zibonisa ukuba izinga lokungena kweebhayisekile linyuke ngama-300%, kwaye eli nani alinciphanga njengoko singena kwiminyaka yoo-1920 ngononophelo.
Nangona kunjalo, kumawaka abantu abatsha, ihlabathi lokukhwela ibhayisekile linokuba yindawo edidayo. Umsebenzi obonakala ulula wokukhetha ibhayisekile entsha unokuba yingxaki ngokukhawuleza, ngenxa yenani elikhulu leendidi ezincinci. Ayizizo zonke iibhayisekile ezifanayo.
Yingakho inyathelo lokuqala ekuthengeni imveliso kufuneka libe kukuqonda iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ezinikezelwayo kunye nokugqiba ukuba yeyiphi imveliso ehlangabezana neemfuno zakho.
Apha uza kufumana ulwazi olubalulekileyo malunga neentlobo zeebhayisekile eziqhelekileyo kunye nokuba ngabaphi abakhweli beebhayisekile abafanelekileyo kubo.
Nokuba uceba ukuziphosa ehlathini elinodaka, uzame kumdyarho wendlela, okanye uhambahamba kwindlela yomjelo wasekuhlaleni, uza kufumana umatshini ohlangabezana nezi mfuno zilandelayo.
Ungaluthemba uphononongo lwethu oluzimeleyo. Sinokufumana iikhomishini kubathengisi abathile, kodwa asisoze sivumele oku ukuba kuchaphazele ukhetho, olusekelwe kuvavanyo lokwenyani kunye neengcebiso zeengcali. Le ngeniso isinceda ukuxhasa ubuntatheli be-Independent.
Xa uthenga ibhayisekile entsha, into enye ibaluleke ngaphezu kwezinye: ukulingana. Ukuba ubungakanani bebhayisekile abufanelanga wena, akuyi kuba mnandi kwaye awuyi kukwazi ukuhlala kakuhle ekhweleni.
Uninzi lwabavelisi luza kuba netshati ethile kwiwebhusayithi yabo ebonisa ukuba ubungakanani besakhelo seemodeli ezahlukeneyo bunxulumene nobude bomkhweli. Ubungakanani budla ngokuba ngamanani-48, 50, 52, 54 njl.- budla ngokuba bubonisa ubude betyhubhu yesihlalo okanye (engaqhelekanga) ityhubhu yejack, okanye ifomathi eqhelekileyo ye-S, M okanye i-L. Itshati iya kukunika ukhetho oluqhelekileyo olusekelwe kubude bakho.
Kodwa kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba le yingcinga engeyonyani. Izinto ezinje ngobude obuphantsi kunye nobude bengalo zonke ziyabandakanyeka. Iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba uninzi lwezi zinto zinokusonjululwa ngokulula ngokulungiswa okumbalwa kwibhayisekile, njengokutshintsha ukuphakama kwesihlalo okanye ukusebenzisa intonga eyahlukileyo (into yokubhola edibanisa isibambo sebhayisekile kwityhubhu yokuqhuba). Ukuze ufumane uxolo lwengqondo olupheleleyo, nceda ubhukishe ibhayisekile yobungcali ekufaneleyo kwivenkile yakho yebhayisekile yasekuhlaleni.
Ukongeza ekufanelekileni, kukho izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe xa ukhetha ibhayisekile entsha. Ezi ziinkcukacha ezichaza ukusebenza kwayo, kwaye zahluka kakhulu ngokuxhomekeke kwindlela ecetywayo yokusebenzisa ibhayisekile ethile.
Ngaphandle kokuba ungumkhweli wendlela, ungumthandi wehipster okanye ukhupha amazinyo akho ngabom, kuya kufuneka ufake iseti yeebhuleki kwibhayisekile yakho.
Kukho iintlobo ezimbini ezahlukeneyo zeebhuleki: irim kunye nediski. Ibhuleki yerim iqhutywa yintambo yentsimbi kwaye isebenza ngokucinezela irim phakathi kwee-raber pads ezimbini. Iibhuleki zediski zinokuba ze-hydraulic okanye ze-mechanical (zisebenza kakuhle nge-hydraulic), kwaye zinokusebenza ngokucinezela idiski yesinyithi enamathele kwi-hub phakathi kwee-hubs ezimbini.
Useto lwebhuleki olungcono luxhomekeke kakhulu kwindlela oceba ukuyisebenzisa ngayo ibhayisekile. Umzekelo, iibhuleki zerim zemveli ziye zaba lukhetho lokuqala kwiibhayisekile zendlela ngenxa yobunzima bazo obulula (nangona iibhuleki zediski ziya zithandwa ngakumbi), ngelixa iibhuleki zediski zilukhetho olukrelekrele kwiibhayisekile zasezintabeni kuba zibonelela ngokusebenza okuthembekileyo ngakumbi xa zinodaka okanye zinamaqhina. . manzi.
I-Groupset ligama elisetyenziselwa ukuchaza zonke iindawo ezihambayo ezinxulumene nokuqhobosha, ukushenxisa kunye nokudluliselwa kwetsheyini. Ngokusisiseko yinjini yebhayisekile kwaye idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekumiseleni ukusebenza kunye nomgangatho wokuqhuba.
Zininzi kakhulu ezi zinambuzane, kodwa inyani ecacileyo yile: kukho abavelisi abathathu abakhulu-iShimano, iSRAM kunye neCampagnolo (ezingaqhelekanga), kungcono ukunamathela kuzo; zinokuba zezoomatshini okanye ze-elektroniki; amaxabiso aphezulu alingana nokwandisa ukukhanya kunye nokutshintsha okuthambileyo; zonke ngokusisiseko zenza umsebenzi ofanayo.
Oku kuquka zonke iindawo eziqinileyo eziseleyo kwifreyimu yebhayisekile kunye nefolokhwe engaphambili (ifreyimu). Sithetha ngeehandlebars, iisali, iintsika zezihlalo kunye neepali. Ezi zixhobo zokubhola kulula ukuzitshintsha okanye ukuzilungisa ukuze zilingane ngcono okanye zonyuse intuthuzelo, ngoko ke musa ukuvumela izinto ezifana neesali ezingonwabisiyo ziwele kwenye indawo.
Umxholo owuskrolayo udlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuvakaleni kwebhayisekile kunye nokusebenza kwayo phantsi kweemeko ezithile. Ngokufanayo, into ekufuneka uyijonge kwiseti yamavili ixhomekeke kwindlela esetyenziselwa yona. Ukuba uqhuba kwindlela ye-asphalt, amavili amabini ane-carbon fiber enzulu anamavili agudileyo angama-25mm alungile, kodwa akakho kangako kwiindlela zebhayisekile zasezintabeni ezinodaka.
Ngokubanzi, ezinye zezinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka uzijonge kwivili bubunzima (bukhaphukhaphu kwaye bungcono), izinto ezisetyenziswayo (i-carbon fiber yinkosi, kodwa ixabiso liphezulu, khetha i-alloy ukuze wonge imali) kunye nobukhulu (ubungakanani bevili kunye nokususwa kwevili kwifreyimu. Ukusetyenziswa kubalulekile) Ukuba ufuna ukusebenzisa amavili atyebileyo).
Kwisixeko esikhulu njengeLondon, indawo ixabiseke kakhulu kangangokuba ayinguye wonke umntu onokugcina ibhayisekile enkulu. Fumana into encinci ngokwaneleyo ukuba uyisonge kwikhabhathi. Iibhayisekile ezisongwayo ziyindlela efanelekileyo yokuhambahamba ezidolophini. Zincinci kwaye ziyasebenza, kwaye ungazifaka kwizithuthi zikawonke-wonke ngaphandle kokuba lutshaba olukhulu lukawonke-wonke.
I-Brompton yakudala ifanelekile xa uhamba uhambo olude, kufuneka uyibeke ebhuthini yebhasi, itram okanye uloliwe.
Phumelela isithsaba kuphononongo lwethu lweebhayisekile ezisongwayo ezilungileyo, thetha nabani na okhwela ibhayisekile malunga neebhayisekile ezisongwayo, kwaye igama elithi Brompton liza kuvela kungekudala. Zakhiwe eLondon ukusukela ngo-1975, kwaye uyilo lwazo alutshintshanga kangako. Umvavanyi wethu uthe: “Isihlalo eside kunye nebhloko yokumiswa kwerabha kwindibano yangasemva zenza uhambo lube mnandi, ngelixa amavili angama-intshi ali-16 evumela ukukhawuleziswa okukhawulezayo. Ubungakanani obuncinci bevili buthetha ukuba ziqinile kwiindlela ezinzima nezingalinganiyo. Kubaluleke kakhulu.”
"Le nguqulo emnyama ekrelekrele ineziphatho ezithe tye ezimile okwe-S, i-transmission yesantya esibini, iifenda kunye nezibane zeCateye ezinokutshajwa kwakhona- nto leyo eyenza ukuba ilungele ukuhamba. Ngokuziqhelanisa, kufuneka ukwazi ukugoba ngemizuzwana engama-20 ngokukhawuleza Kwakhona."
Kwabo bafuna isantya, iimoto zomdyarho zisenokuba lolona khetho lufanelekileyo. Zinee-handlebars ezisezantsi, amatayara amancinci kunye nesimo sokukhwela ngamandla (umzimba ongaphezulu uthambekela kwicala elingezantsi), kwaye zenzelwe ikakhulu isantya, ukuguquguquka kunye nokukhanya.
Ngaba wakha wayibukela iTour de France? Emva koko sele uqhelene nolu hlobo lwebhayisekile. Ingxaki kuphela kukuba indawo yokukhwela i-aerodynamic ayikhululeki ixesha elide, ingakumbi kwabo bangenalo ukuguquguquka okanye abangaqhelanga le ndawo.
Ngokwesiqhelo, ukusebenza kwemoto kuphuculwa ngokusebenzisa izihlangu zokukhwela ibhayisekile (uhlobo lwepedali enesixhobo sokubambelela) ezifakwe ngee-cleats. Zilungisa iinyawo endaweni yazo ukuze zifumane amandla ngexesha lonke lokujikeleza kwepedali.
Iibhayisekile zendlela ezinde zenzelwe ukukhwela umgama omde kwisali ekwi-tarmac, kuthathelwa ingqalelo isantya kunye nentuthuzelo. Zinee-handlebars ezitsalwayo, amatayara amancinci (ahlala ephakathi kwama-25mm nama-28mm), kwaye azithe nkqo kwaye azinamoya ojikelezayo kuneebhayisekile zomdyarho ezizii-purebred. Ke ngoko, zikhululekile ngakumbi xa zihamba umgama omde. Kule meko, ukunciphisa iintlungu kunye nentlungu ezinxulumene nesikhundla kubaluleke kakhulu kunokunciphisa kancinci ukumelana.
Ilungele nabani na ofuna ukuba nomsindo kodwa akhululeke, nokuba kumgama weemayile ezili-160 okanye umthambo wakho wemihla ngemihla wokomelela umzimba
Iibhayisekile zovavanyo lwexesha (TT) zenzelwe ukwenza into enye kuphela: ukuqhuba ngokukhawuleza kangangoko kunokwenzeka nokunciphisa ukujika. Ukuba wakha wambona umkhweli webhayisekile ekhwela iLycra, kodwa ekhwela into efana neBattlestar Galactica kunokuba ikhwele ibhayisekile, mhlawumbi leyo yenye yazo. Njengoko igama lisitsho, zenzelwe ukuvavanya ixesha lokukhwela ibhayisekile, olukhuphiswano lodwa phakathi komkhweli webhayisekile kunye newotshi.
I-Aerodynamics yeyona nto iphambili kuyilo lwebhayisekile ye-TT. Kufuneka banqumle umoya ngokufanelekileyo kangangoko, kwaye babeka umkhweli kwindawo enobundlongondlongo kakhulu ukuze bafezekise le njongo. Inzuzo yoku kukuba babukhali kakhulu. Ingxaki kukuba abakhululeki kakhulu kwaye abasebenziseki lula xa besetyenziswa nje, ngaphandle kokhuphiswano.
Ukuba injongo yakho ephambili kukukhwela nokuphumla evenkileni, okanye ukukhwela nje ngokukhululeka ngeempelaveki, ngoko ke ukubaleka nge-carbon fiber okanye iibhayisekile zeentaba ezixhonyiweyo ngokupheleleyo kunokuba yingxaki encinci. Okufunekayo yimoto exutyiweyo. Ezi bhayisekile zithobekileyo zifumana ubunyani kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo zeebhayisekile kwaye zizisebenzisela ukwenza izinto ezaneleyo ekusebenzeni nasekuthuthuzeleni kwabakhweli beebhayisekile abaqhelekileyo bemihla ngemihla.
Iibhayisekile ezixutyiweyo zihlala zineziphatho ezisicaba, izixhobo zebhayisekile ezisetyenziswa ezindleleni, kunye namatayara aphakathi, kwaye zingasetyenziswa kwiifaskoti kunye nokusetyenziswa okulula ngaphandle kwendlela. Zikwayenye yeebhayisekile ezingabizi kakhulu nezilula ukuzisebenzisa, zilungele abaqalayo okanye abantu abanebhajethi encinci.
Phakathi kwabaphumeleleyo kuphononongo lwethu lwemoto exutyiweyo engcono kakhulu, le inomsebenzi ogqwesileyo. “Ukuze kube lula, uBoardman ukhethe iyunithi yegiya yesantya ezili-12 waza wafaka i-sprocket enye kwivili elingaphambili, waza wabonelela ngamazinyo angama-51 amangalisayo kwivili elijikelezayo. Olu dibaniso luya kukuvumela ukuba uphantse usombulule into esinokudibana nayo endleleni. Naziphi na iingxaki.” Abavavanyi bethu bathe.
Bafumanise ukuba isiqu sevalvu esidibeneyo kunye neehandlebars zilula kwaye zinesitayile, ngelixa ifreyimu ye-alloy kunye nefolokhwe ye-carbon fiber zithetha ukuba ubunzima bayo bumalunga ne-10 kg - uya kuyithanda into yokuba utshintshela kwibhayisekile yentaba okanye kwibhayisekile engabizi kakhulu. "Amavili e-700c axhotyiswe ngamatayara e-35mm Schwalbe Marathon asemgangathweni ophezulu, ekufuneka anike ukubamba okwaneleyo xa usebenzisa iibhuleki zediski ze-hydraulic zeShimano ezinamandla. Ungafaka ii-mudguard kunye nee-laggage racks, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ilungele ukuhamba imihla ngemihla."
Kwiminyaka embalwa eyadlulayo, akukho mntu wayekhe weva ngeebhayisekile zegrabile. Ngoku zikho kuyo yonke indawo. Ezi ngxaki ze-drop rod ngamanye amaxesha zibizwa ngokuba “ziibhayisekile zendlela yonke”, kwaye zisebenzisa i-geometry eqhelekileyo kunye nokwakheka kweebhayisekile zendlela kwaye zihambelana neegiya kunye nobukhulu bamatayara, ezifana kakhulu neebhayisekile zeentaba. Isiphumo kukuba umatshini unokutyibilika kwi-tarmac ngokukhawuleza, kodwa ngokungafaniyo neebhayisekile zendlela, zisebenza kakuhle xa indlela iphela.
Ukuba unomdla wokushiya indlela engaqhelekanga kwaye ungabi nazithuthi, kodwa awufuni ukuyisusa ngokupheleleyo indlela, ngoko iibhayisekile zegrabile zezona zilungileyo kuwe.
Ukuhamba kwindlela ephantse ibe ngqindilili yehlathi akulunganga wonke umntu. Kwabo basafuna ukunqumla ilizwe kodwa abangengabo abagqithisileyo, ukukhwela ibhayisekile ezintabeni (XC) lukhetho olufanelekileyo. Iibhayisekile ze-XC zihlala zineebhayisekile eziqinileyo kwaye zifana kakhulu neebhayisekile zeentaba ezikwindlela engaqhelekanga ngeendlela ezininzi. Umahluko ophambili yijometri.
Iibhayisekile zentaba ezinqumla ilizwe zenzelwe ukuthathela ingqalelo amathambeka asezantsi endulini, kodwa iibhayisekile ze-XC zenzelwe ukusetyenziswa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo kwaye kufuneka zikwazi ukunyuka. Ngenxa yoko, ii-engile zentloko yazo zithe nkqo (oko kuthetha ukuba amavili angaphambili abekwe ngasemva), nto leyo eyenza zingafaneleki kangako ukukhwela intaba ngamandla, kodwa zifaneleke kakhulu kwimidlalo enqumla ilizwe lonke.
Ukuba iphupha lakho lizele kukutsiba, ukunqumla intaba kunye nokukhwela iingcambu, kuya kufuneka iibhayisekile zeentaba ezikwindlela engaqhelekanga. Ezi matshini zingenazimbumbulu zineziphatho ezisicaba, amatayara aqinileyo kunye nee-engile zentloko ezikhululekileyo (oko kuthetha ukuba amavili angaphambili aphambi kweziphatho) ukugcina uzinzo kwindawo ende ehlayo. Ibhayisekile yeentaba ekwindlela engaqhelekanga ikwanayo nenkqubo yokumiswa ekwaziyo ukumelana nomhlaba orhabaxa nongalinganiyo ngesantya esiphezulu.
Kukho iindlela ezimbini ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe: i-full suspension (ifolokhwe kunye ne-shock absorber kwifreyimu) okanye i-hard tail (ifolokhwe kuphela, ifreyimu eqinileyo). Eyokuqala ingenza uhambo luzinze ngakumbi, kodwa abanye abakhweli bakhetha i-hard tails ngenxa yobunzima babo obulula kunye nesiphelo esiqinileyo sangasemva esibonelela ngempendulo echukumisekayo.
Lo mvelisi waseBritane usemtsha kwiibhayisekile ezingaphandle kwendlela, kwaye kwaba nomtsalane ngakumbi xa waphumelela uthotho lwethu lweebhayisekile ezingaphandle kwendlela. Umhlalutyi wethu uthe: “Ine-geometry egqibeleleyo yepitch, kwaye xa ukhwela kwisali, olu luvo luguqulela ekubeni luvakalelo olulinganiselayo kakhulu-nokuba uqhuba wehla ngesantya esiphezulu kakhulu, unolawulo olupheleleyo kuyo yonke into. , Oku kukunika ixesha elaneleyo lokukhetha indlela elungileyo kwaye uphephe imiqobo.” Bavakalelwa kukuba banokuqhuba kakuhle xa befuna ukukhawulezisa nokulawula izinto ezijikeleze iikona.
Oko kuyehlayo kufuneka kunyuke. Ngamanye amazwi, ngaphandle kokuba une-gondola kwindlela yakho yasekuhlaleni, yonke into entle yokuhla entabeni iya kwenzeka ngaphambi kokuba kubekho umzabalazo onzima wokunyuka uye phezulu kwindlela yomlilo. Kunokunyusa umthwalo emilenzeni, kodwa kulapho kuvela khona iibhayisekile zombane zeentaba.
Injini yombane encinci eyongezelelweyo yenza kube lula ukunyathela kwaye inciphise iintlungu kwindawo yokunyuka. Uninzi lwabantu luya kuba nesilawuli kude kwindawo ethile kwi-handlebar ukuze umkhweli akwazi ukulungisa ubungakanani bokunyusa okanye ukucima injini yombane ngokupheleleyo. Nangona kunjalo, zonke ezi zinto zilula ziye zabangela ukwehla okukhulu kobunzima, ngoko ke ukuba ufuna ukufaka into elula ukuyiphosa ngasemva kwemoto emotweni, unokufuna ukuphinda uyiqwalasele.
Imoto ye-hybrid yombane inazo zonke iingenelo ezisebenzayo zemoto ye-hybrid eqhelekileyo, kodwa kukho enye inzuzo: inenjini yombane kunye nebhetri etshajwayo. Oku kubonelela ngokutyhala okuluncedo ngalo lonke ixesha i-pedal ibetha, ungayitshintsha i-pedal inyuke okanye ihle njengoko kufuneka, okanye uyivale ngokupheleleyo i-pedal. Olu lukhetho olufanelekileyo kwabo baqhelisela impilo yabo, okanye abanokuziva bengakhululekanga ngabantu abaxhomekeke kuphela kwimilenze yabo ukuze bahambe imigama emide.
Uluhlu lweemveliso zeVolt luya lusiba nomtsalane ngakumbi nangakumbi, kwaye uyilo lwayo olunamandla kunye nomgangatho obalaseleyo wokuvelisa kuzenza zibe zezona zithengiswa kakhulu phakathi kweemveliso zethu zebhayisekile zombane ezipheleleyo. Kukho iinguqulelo ezimbini ze-pulse, enye inomgama weemayile ezingama-60 (£1,699) kwaye enye inomgama weemayile ezingama-80 (£1,899), kwaye eyokuqala iza ngobukhulu obubini. Umhlalutyi wethu uthe: “Amatayara enzelwe ukuba akhululeke kwaye kube lula ukuwasebenzisa, amatayara awakwazi ukugqobhoza, kwaye iibhuleki zediski zenza ukuqhuba kwiindawo ezimanzi kube lula ngakumbi. Ungayibeka i-pedal assist kumanqanaba amahlanu ahlukeneyo ukuze ukwazi ukugcina amandla athile ngexesha. Ibhetri enamandla inokutshajwa okanye isuswe kwibhayisekile.”
Isakhelo sentsimbi esomeleleyo, isiseko esinamavili amade (umgama ophakathi kwamavili amabini), ukuma okuthe nkqo kokukhwela, izithinteli zodaka, kunye neendlela zokufaka ezingenamda zeerakhi kunye nee-levers, iibhayisekile zokutyelela zibaluleke kakhulu kwibhayisekile yeentsuku ezininzi Izixhobo ezibalulekileyo. Uyilo lwale bhayisekile lujolise kakhulu kwintuthuzelo nokumelana nemithwalo enzima. Azikhawulezi kwaye azikhuphi ukukhanya, kodwa ziya kukurhuqa ngovuyo wena nentente yakho ukusuka kwelinye icala lomhlaba ukuya kwelinye ngaphandle kokwenza izandi eziqatha.
Nangona kunjalo, musa ukubhidanisa uhambo nokuhamba ngebhayisekile. Uhambo lwenziwa ikakhulu kwiindlela ezigangathiweyo, kwaye uninzi lokulayisha nokukhulula iibhayisekile lwenziwa kwiindlela ezinqumla ilizwe, kwaye zihlala zenziwa ngeebhayisekile zegrabile okanye iibhayisekile zeentaba.
Uphononongo lwemveliso ye-IndyBest lucebisi olungenamkhethe, oluzimeleyo onokuluthemba. Kwezinye iimeko, ukuba ucofa kwikhonkco uze uthenge imveliso, siya kufumana ingeniso, kodwa asisoze sivumele oku ukuba kuchaphazele ububanzi bomsebenzi wethu. Bhala uphononongo ngokudibanisa izimvo zeengcali kunye novavanyo lokwenyani.
I-Brompton yakudala ifanelekile xa uhamba uhambo olude, kufuneka uyibeke ebhuthini yebhasi, itram okanye uloliwe.
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