Iibhayisikili zombane ziye zaba yindawo entsha ye-hotspot kwihlabathi lokuhamba ngenxa yokusebenziseka kwabo lula kunye ne-eco-friendly design.Abantu bayisebenzisa njengendlela entsha yokuhamba kunye nokuthutha umgama omde kunye omfutshane.
Kodwa yazalwa nini ibhayisekile yombane yokuqala? Ngubani owasungula ibhayisekile yombane kwaye ngubani oyithengisayo ngokurhweba?
Siza kuphendula le mibuzo inika umdla njengoko sixoxa malunga nembali emangalisayo ye-130 yeminyaka yeebhayisekile zombane. Ngoko ke, masingene kuyo ngaphandle kokulibazisa.
Ngo-2023, phantse i-40 yezigidi zeebhayisikili zombane ziya kuba sendleleni.Nangona kunjalo, ukuqala kwayo kwakuyisiganeko esilula kwaye esingabalulekanga, esisusela kwi-1880s, xa iYurophu yayiphambene ngeebhayisikili kunye neebhayisikili.
waba ngowokuqala ukwakha ibhayisekile yombane ngo-1881. Wafakela i-motor yombane kwi-tricycle yaseBritani, waba ngumvelisi wokuqala weetricycle zombane emhlabeni.
Yaphucula ngakumbi ingcamango ​ ngokongeza iibhetri kwitricycle kunye nemoto ehambelana nayo. Lonke useto lwetricycle enemoto kunye nebhetri inobunzima obumalunga neekhilogram ezingama-300, nto leyo yayithathwa njengento engenakwenzeka. 12 mph, enomtsalane ngayo nayiphi na imigangatho.
Ukutsiba okukhulu okulandelayo kwiibhayisekile zombane kwafika ngo-1895, xa kunelungelo elilodwa lomenzi wenjini yehabhu yangasemva enesixhobo sokuqhuba ngokuthe ngqo. Enyanisweni, isesona sixhobo sisetyenziswa kuyo yonke indawo kwiibhayisekile ze-e. Wasebenzisa i-motor ebrashiweyo eyavula indlela ngokwenene. ibhayisekile yombane yanamhlanje.
yazisa i-motor ye-gear hub motor kwi-1896, iphucula ngakumbi ukuyila kweebhayisikile zombane.Ngaphezu koko, yakhawuleza i-e-bike kwiikhilomitha ezimbalwa. Kwiminyaka embalwa ezayo, ii-e-bikes zafumana uvavanyo olunzima, kwaye sabona ukuqaliswa kwe-mid. -i-drive kunye ne-friction-drive motors.Nangona kunjalo, i-motor hub yangasemva ibe yi-injini ye-e-bikes.
Amashumi ambalwa eminyaka alandelayo ayenomfiliba kwi-e-bikes. Ngokukodwa, iMfazwe Yehlabathi II yamisa ukuphuhliswa kwee-e-bikes ngenxa yokuqhubeka kweziphithiphithi kunye nokufika kwemoto.Nangona kunjalo, iibhayisikili zombane ngokwenene zafumana ubomi obutsha kwi-19030s. nini kwaye zidityanisiwe ukwenza iibhayisekile zombane ezisetyenziselwa urhwebo.
Benza i-splash kwi-1932 xa bethengisa ibhayisekile yabo yombane.Okulandelayo, abavelisi abanjengokungena kwimarike yebhayisikili yombane kwi-1975 kunye ne-1989 ngokulandelanayo.
Nangona kunjalo, ezi nkampani zisasebenzisa i-nickel-cadmium kunye neebhetri ze-lead-acid, zinciphisa kakhulu isantya kunye noluhlu lwe-e-bikes.
Ngasekupheleni kwe-1980 kunye ne-1990 yokuqala, ukuveliswa kwebhetri ye-lithium-ion kwavula indlela yebhayisikili yombane yanamhlanje. kwakhona ivumela abakhweli ukuba baphinde batshaje iibhetri zabo ekhaya, ukwenza ii-e-bikes zithandwa kakhulu.Ngaphezu koko, iibhetri ze-lithium-ion zenza ii-e-bikes zibe khaphukhaphu kwaye zilungele ukuhamba.
Iibhayisikili zombane zenza imida yazo enkulu kwi-1989 kunye nokuqaliswa kwebhayisikili yombane ngo-.Kamva, yaziwa ngokuba yibhayisikili yombane "i-pedal-assisted". , ikhulula i-e-bike motor kuyo nayiphi na i-throttle kwaye yenza uyilo lube lula ngakumbi kwaye lusebenziseke lula.
Kwi-1992, iibhayisekile zombane zokuncedisa i-pedal-assist zaqala ukuthengiswa ngokurhweba.Ibuye ibe yinto ekhuselekileyo yokukhetha ii-e-bikes kwaye ngoku iyilo loyilo oluqhelekileyo phantse zonke ii-e-bikes.
Ekuqaleni kwe-2000 kunye ne-2010 yokuqala, ukuqhubela phambili kwi-teknoloji yombane kunye ne-elektroniki kwakuthetha ukuba abavelisi be-e-bike bangasebenzisa iindidi ze-microelectronics kwiibhayisikili zabo.Bazisa i-gas kunye ne-pedal assist controls kwii-handlebars.Bakwabandakanya umboniso kunye ne-e- ibhayisekile evumela abantu ukuba bajonge imayile, isantya, ubomi bebhetri, kunye nokunye ukuze babe namava okuqhuba akhuselekileyo nangcono.
Ukongezelela, umenzi udibanise i-app ye-smartphone ukujonga i-e-bike ukude.Ngoko ke, ibhayisekile ikhuselwe kubusela.Ngaphezu koko, ukusetyenziswa kweenzwa ezahlukeneyo kuphucula ukusebenza kunye nokusebenza kwebhayisikili yombane.
Imbali yeebhayisikili zombane iyamangalisa ngokwenene.Enyanisweni, ii-e-bikes zaziyizithuthi zokuqala eziqhuba iibhetri kunye nokuhamba endleleni ngaphandle komsebenzi, nangaphambi kweemoto.Namhlanje, oku kuqhubela phambili kuthetha ukuba i-e-bikes ibe yinto ekhethekileyo yokukhetha. ukukhuselwa kwendalo ngokunciphisa igesi kunye nengxolo.Kwakhona, ii-e-bikes zikhuselekile kwaye kulula ukukhwela kwaye ziye zaba yindlela ethandwa kakhulu yokuhamba kumazwe ahlukeneyo ngenxa yeenzuzo zabo ezimangalisayo.